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Kev tsim khoom yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov siab.Chips thiab Science Act, uas tau pib siv thaum Lub Yim Hli, sawv cev rau kev nqis peev loj hauv kev tsim khoom hauv Tebchaws Meskas.Daim nqi no tsom mus nthuav dav US semiconductor kev lag luam, ntxiv dag zog rau cov saw hlau, thiab nqis peev hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho kom ua tiav cov thev naus laus zis tshiab.Raws li John Hart, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm kev tsim kho tshuab thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Chaw Tsim Khoom thiab Tsim Khoom Lag Luam ntawm Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Chip Act tsuas yog qhov piv txwv tshiab ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txaus siab los ntawm cov tuam txhab hauv xyoo tas los no.Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib kis thoob ntiaj teb rau cov saw hlau, ntiaj teb kev nom kev tswv, thiab qhov cuam tshuam thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov, "Hart tau hais.Innovation nyob rau hauv industrial technologies."Nrog rau kev tsom mus rau kev tsim khoom, kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb.Kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov tsev cog khoom emissions hauv 2020 yog los ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev tsim khoom.Cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov chaw tsim khoom kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv dej hauv zos thiab tsim cov khib nyiab ntau, qee qhov tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tshuaj lom.Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no thiab ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv mus rau kev lag luam qis qis, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tsim cov khoom tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem kev lag luam nrog rau cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm.Hart ntseeg tias cov kws tsim kho tshuab muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb los ua haujlwm hauv lub luag haujlwm hloov pauv no.Hart, tus kws tshaj lij thiab kawm tiav ntawm MIT Department of Mechanical Engineering hais tias "Cov kws kho tshuab muaj lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb los daws cov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej kho vajtse txuas ntxiv mus thiab paub yuav ua li cas ntsuas lawv cov kev daws teeb meem," said Hart, tus xibfwb thiab kawm tiav ntawm MIT Department of Mechanical Engineering.Muab kev daws teeb meem rau ib puag ncig, paving txoj hauv kev rau lub neej yav tom ntej.Gradun: Cleantech Water Solutions Manufacturing xav tau dej, thiab ntau ntau.Lub chaw tsim khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov semiconductor siv ntau dua 10 lab nkas loos dej ib hnub.Lub ntiaj teb tab tom raug kev txom nyem los ntawm drought.Gradiant muab kev daws teeb meem rau cov dej no.Lub tuam txhab yog coj los ntawm Anurag Bajpayee SM '08 PhD '12 thiab Prakash Govindan PhD '12 co-founders thiab pioneers nyob rau hauv sustainable dej los yog "huv technology" tej yaam num.Bajpayee thiab Govindan, raws li cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav ntawm Lub Tsev Kho Mob Hloov Kho Kub Kub muaj npe tom qab Rosenova Kendall, qhia txog kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev nyiam ua.Thaum lub caij ntuj qhuav qhuav heev hauv Chennai, Is Nrias teb, Govindan tsim rau nws PhD lub tshuab nqus dej-dehumidification uas ua raws li lub voj voog ntuj nag.Lub tshuab lawv hu ua Carrier Gas Extraction (CGE), thiab hauv 2013 ob ntawm lawv tau tsim Gradient.CGE yog ib lub tswv yim algorithm uas coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov dej khib nyiab tuaj.Lub algorithm yog raws li ib tug dimensionless tooj, uas Govindan ib zaug thov kom hu rau Linhard tus xov tooj nyob rau hauv hwm ntawm nws tus thawj saib xyuas.Cov dej tsis zoo hauv lub cev hloov pauv, peb cov thev naus laus zis tau xa cov teeb liab los kho tus nqi ntws kom rov qab mus rau qhov tsis muaj tus lej rau 1. Thaum nws rov qab los rau tus nqi ntawm 1, koj yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, "hais Govindan, COO ntawm Gradiant .Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem thiab kho cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom siv rov qab siv dua, thaum kawg txuag tau ntau lab daus las hauv ib xyoos hauv nkas loos dej.Raws li lub tuam txhab loj hlob, pab pawg Gradiant ntxiv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab rau lawv cov khoom siv, suav nrog kev xaiv cov pa phem tshem tawm, ib qho kev lag luam ntawm kev tshem tawm qee yam kuab paug, thiab cov txheej txheem hu ua countercurrent reverse osmosis, lawv txoj kev brine concentration.Tam sim no lawv muab cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ua tiav rau kev kho dej thiab dej khib nyiab rau cov neeg siv khoom hauv kev lag luam xws li tshuaj, lub zog, mining, zaub mov thiab dej haus, thiab kev lag luam semiconductor loj hlob.“Peb yog tus muab tag nrho cov kev daws teeb meem dej.Peb muaj ntau yam khoom siv thev naus laus zis thiab yuav xaiv los ntawm peb cov quiver raws li qhov xav tau ntawm peb cov neeg siv khoom, "Bajpayee, CEO ntawm Gradiant hais.“Cov neeg siv khoom pom peb ua lawv tus khub dej.Peb tuaj yeem daws lawv cov teeb meem dej los ntawm qhov pib mus rau qhov kawg kom lawv tuaj yeem tsom mus rau lawv cov lag luam tseem ceeb."Gradun tau ntsib kev loj hlob tawg ntau dhau kaum xyoo dhau los.Txog rau tam sim no, lawv tau tsim 450 qhov chaw kho dej thiab cov dej khib nyiab uas kho qhov sib npaug ntawm 5 lab lub tsev nyob rau ib hnub.Nrog rau kev yuav khoom tsis ntev los no, tag nrho cov naj npawb tau nce mus rau ntau dua 500 tus neeg.Cov kev daws teeb meem tau xav txog hauv lawv cov neeg siv khoom, uas suav nrog Pfizer, Anheuser-Busch InBev thiab Coca-Cola.Lawv cov neeg siv khoom kuj suav nrog semiconductor loj xws li Micron Technology, GlobalFoundries, Intel thiab TSMC. "Cov dej khib nyiab thiab dej ultrapure rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau nce mus ntxiv, "Bajpayee tau hais.Semiconductor manufacturers xav tau dej ultrapure los tsim dej.Tag nrho cov yaj yaj piv rau cov dej haus yog ob peb feem ntawm ib lab.Tsis zoo li yav dhau los, tus nqi ntawm cov dej siv rau microchip manufacturing yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov chaw ib billion los yog qhov chaw ib quadrillion.Tam sim no, qhov nruab nrab ub tus nqi nyob rau hauv ib tug semiconductor manufacturing nroj tsuag (los yog Hoobkas) nyob rau hauv Singapore tsuas yog 43%.Sing Ge C peb technology, cov chaw ua haujlwm no tuaj yeem rov ua dua 98-99% ntawm "10 lab nkas loos dej lawv xav tau ib chav tsev ntawm kev tsim khoom.Cov dej uas siv dua tshiab no yog huv txaus kom rov qab mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. "Peb tau tshem tawm cov dej qias neeg no, tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag semiconductor kev cia siab rau cov khoom siv dej pej xeem. "Bajpayee Hauv, fabry ci tau nce siab los txhim kho lawv cov dej siv, ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg tseem ceeb.rau ntau cov nroj tsuag hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas los ntawm kev sib cais: cov tshuaj pom zoo xws li Bajpayee thiab Govindan, Shreya Dave '09, SM '12, PhD '16 tsom rau desalination rau nws PhD.Raws li kev taw qhia ntawm nws tus kws pab tswv yim, Jeffrey Grossman, tus xibfwb ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Engineering, Dave tau tsim ib daim nyias nyias uas tuaj yeem muab kev ua kom zoo dua thiab pheej yig dua desalination.Tom qab ceev faj tus nqi thiab kev tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam, Dave xaus lus tias nws cov khoom siv desalination tsis tuaj yeem ua lag luam.“Cov technologies niaj hnub no yeej zoo rau qhov lawv ua.ua.Lawv yog cov pheej yig, loj-tsim, thiab ua haujlwm zoo heev.Tsis muaj kev lag luam rau peb cov thev naus laus zis, "Dave hais.Tsis ntev tom qab tiv thaiv nws cov lus tshaj tawm, nws tau nyeem ib tsab xov xwm tshuaj xyuas hauv phau ntawv journal Nature uas hloov txhua yam.Tsab ntawv txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem.Kev sib cais tshuaj, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm ntau cov txheej txheem kev lag luam, yuav tsum muaj ntau lub zog.Kev lag luam xav tau cov khoom siv tau zoo dua thiab tsis tshua kim dua.Dave xav tias nws yuav muaj kev daws teeb meem.Tom qab txheeb xyuas tias muaj cov hauv kev lag luam, Dave, Grossman, thiab Brent Keller, PhD '16, tsim Via Separations hauv 2017. Tsis ntev tom qab ntawd, lawv xaiv Cav ua ib lub tuam txhab thawj zaug tau txais peev nyiaj los ntawm Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Tam sim no, kev lag luam pom yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv cua sov ntawm qhov kub siab heev kom cais cov tebchaw.Dave piv nws mus rau boiling dej kom txog thaum nws evaporates los ua pasta thiab dab tsi sab laug yog spaghetti.Hauv kev tsim khoom, txoj kev sib cais tshuaj no yog lub zog siv zog thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.Via Separations tau tsim cov tshuaj sib npaug ntawm "pasta filter" cov khoom.Es tsis txhob siv cua sov los cais, lawv cov membranes "filter" cov tebchaw.Txoj kev chemical pom no siv 90% tsawg zog dua li cov qauv txheej txheem.Thaum feem ntau cov membranes yog tsim los ntawm polymers, Via Separations membranes yog tsim los ntawm oxidized graphene, uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias.Lub membrane yog calibrated rau cov neeg xav tau kev pab los ntawm kev hloov lub pore loj thiab nto chemistry tuning.Tam sim no, Dave thiab nws pab neeg tab tom tsom mus rau kev lag luam cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov ntawv ua lawv lub hauv paus.Lawv tau tsim cov txheej txheem uas rov ua dua ib yam khoom hu ua "dub cawv" kom muaj zog ntau dua.ntawv, tsuas yog ib feem peb ntawm biomass yog siv rau ntawv.Tam sim no, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv ob feem peb ntawm cov ntawv pov tseg yog siv cov evaporator los rhaub dej, tig nws los ntawm cov kwj deg mus rau cov kwj deg heev, "Dave hais.lub zog tsim tawm yog siv los ua lub zog ntawm cov txheej txheem pom. "Qhov kaw kaw no siv ntau lub zog hauv Tebchaws Meskas.Peb tuaj yeem ua qhov no los ntawm kev tso "spaghetti net" hauv lub cauldron, Dave ntxiv.VulcanForms: Industrial Scale Additive Manufacturing Nws qhia ib chav kawm ntawm 3D luam ntawv, zoo dua hu ua Additive Manufacturing (AM).Txawm hais tias nws tsis yog nws lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawm, nws tau tsom mus rau kev tshawb fawb, tab sis nws pom lub ntsiab lus ntxim nyiam.Raws li tau ua ntau tus tub ntxhais kawm hauv chav kawm, suav nrog Martin Feldmann MEng '14.Feldmann tau koom nrog Hart pawg tshawb fawb puv sijhawm tom qab tau txais kev kawm tiav qib siab hauv kev tsim khoom siab heev.Nyob ntawd lawv tau sib koom ua ke ntawm kev sib koom siab ntawm AM.Lawv tau pom lub sijhawm los tsim kho tshiab siv cov khoom siv pov thawj hlau tsim khoom siv tshuab hu ua hmoov txaj laser vuam thiab npaj siab coj lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom siv hlau ntxiv rau kev lag luam.Hauv 2015 lawv tau tsim VulcanForms.Hart tau hais tias "Peb tau tsim AM Machine Architecture los tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom tsim tau zoo," Hart hais.“Thiab peb.Peb cov cav tov tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv ib tug tag nrho digital manufacturing system combining additive manufacturing, post-processing thiab precision machining."Tsis zoo li lwm lub tuam txhab uas muag 3D tshuab luam ntawv rau lwm tus los ua cov khoom, VulcanForms siv nws cov tsheb thauj khoom los ua thiab muag cov tshuab ua lag luam rau cov neeg siv khoom.VulcanForms tau loj hlob mus rau yuav luag 400 tus neeg ua haujlwm.Pab neeg tau qhib nws thawj qhov kev tsim tawm xyoo tas los.venture hu ua "VulcanOne".Qhov zoo thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom tsim los ntawm VulcanForms yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom xws li kev cog ntoo, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov tshuab dav hlau.Lawv cov tshuab tuaj yeem luam cov txheej nyias ntawm cov hlau."Peb tsim cov khoom uas nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom lossis, qee zaum, tsis tuaj yeem tsim tau," Hart, tus tswvcuab ntawm lub tuam txhab pawg thawj coj tau hais ntxiv.Cov thev naus laus zis tsim los ntawm VulcanForms tuaj yeem pab tsim cov khoom thiab cov khoom lag luam nyob rau hauv txoj hauv kev ruaj khov dua, ncaj qha los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntxiv, lossis tsis ncaj los ntawm cov khoom siv tau zoo dua thiab hloov pauv tau. cov khoom txuag.Ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv VulcanForms, xws li titanium alloys, xav tau ntau lub zog.ib feem ntawm titanium, koj siv cov ntaub ntawv tsawg dua li cov txheej txheem machining.Cov khoom siv tau zoo yog qhov uas Hart pom AM ua qhov sib txawv loj ntawm kev txuag hluav taws xob.Hart kuj tau taw qhia tias AM tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv tshiab hauv cov thev naus laus zis huv huv, los ntawm kev siv dav hlau ntau dua rau yav tom ntej fusion reactors nyob rau hauv. "Cov tuam txhab nrhiav kom txo kev pheej hmoo thiab ntsuas cov thev naus laus zis huv huv xav tau kev txawj ntse thiab nkag mus rau kev tsim khoom siab tshaj plaws, thiab kev tsim khoom ntxiv yog kev hloov pauv hauv qhov no, "Hart ntxiv.Khoom siv: Kev sib txhuam.Mechanical engineering xibfwb Kripa Varanasi thiab pab pawg LiquiGlide tau cog lus los tsim kom muaj kev sib txhuam yav tom ntej thiab txo cov pov tseg hauv cov txheej txheem.Founded hauv 2012 los ntawm Varanasi thiab alumnus David Smith SM '11, LiquiGlide tau tsim cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau cov kua "swb" saum npoo.Txhua qhov poob ntawm cov khoom mus siv, txawm tias nws yog nyem los ntawm ib lub raj tshuaj txhuam hniav los yog ntws los ntawm 500 liter thawv ntawm lub hoobkas.Cov thawv tsis muaj kev sib txhuam ua rau txo cov khoom pov tseg, thiab tsis tas yuav ntxuav cov ntim ua ntej rov siv dua lossis rov siv dua.lub tuam txhab tau ua zoo strides nyob rau hauv cov neeg siv khoom sector.Tus neeg siv Colgate siv LiquiGlide thev naus laus zis hauv kev tsim lub raj mis ntawm Colgate Elixir tshuaj txhuam hniav, uas tau yeej ntau qhov khoom plig tsim kev lag luam.LiquiGlide tau koom tes nrog lub ntiaj teb nto moo tus tsim Yves Behar los siv lawv cov thev naus laus zis rau kev zoo nkauj thiab cov khoom ntim ntawm tus kheej.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, US Food and Drug Administration tau muab lawv nrog cov cuab yeej zoo.Cov ntawv thov Biopharmaceutical tsim muaj cib fim.Nyob rau hauv 2016, lub tuam txhab tsim ib tug system uas ua rau kev sib txhuam-dawb thawv ntau lawm.nto kho cov tso tsheb hlau luam, funnels thiab hoppers, tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm lo rau ntawm phab ntsa.Lub kaw lus tuaj yeem txo cov khoom pov tseg txog li 99%.“Qhov no tuaj yeem yog qhov hloov pauv kev ua si tiag tiag.Nws txuag cov khoom pov tseg, txo cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm kev tu lub tank, thiab pab ua cov txheej txheem tsim khoom pov tseg, "said Varanasi, tus thawj coj ntawm LiquiGlide.thawv nto.Thaum siv rau ib lub thawv, cov roj nplaum tseem absorbed rau hauv qhov kev ntxhib los mos.Capillary rog stabilize thiab tso cai rau cov kua kis tau los ntawm qhov chaw, tsim kom muaj ib tug mus tas li lubricated nto uas tej viscous khoom yuav swb.Lub tuam txhab siv cov thermodynamic algorithms los txiav txim qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khib nyiab thiab cov kua dej nyob ntawm cov khoom, txawm tias nws yog tshuaj txhuam hniav lossis xim.Lub tuam txhab tau tsim ib lub tshuab txau neeg hlau uas tuaj yeem tuav cov thawv thiab cov tso tsheb hlau luam hauv lub hoobkas.Ntxiv rau kev txuag lub tuam txhab ntau lab daus las hauv cov khoom pov tseg, LiquiGlide txo qis cov dej uas xav tau los ntxuav cov ntim khoom uas cov khoom feem ntau lo rau ntawm phab ntsa.Yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog dej kom ntau.Piv txwv li, hauv agrochemistry, muaj cov cai nruj heev rau kev pov tseg cov dej khib nyiab uas tshwm sim.Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm nrog LiquiGlide, "Varanasi hais.Txawm hais tias ntau lub chaw tsim khoom raug kaw thaum ntxov ntawm kev sib kis, ua rau qeeb qeeb ntawm CleanTanX pilot project ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, qhov xwm txheej tau zoo dua nyob rau lub hlis tsis ntev los no.Varanasi tab tom pom kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau LiquiGlide thev naus laus zis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov kua dej xws li semiconductor pastes.Cov tuam txhab xws li Gradant, Via Separations, VulcanForms thiab LiquiGlide tau ua pov thawj tias kev nthuav dav ntau lawm tsis tas yuav los ntawm tus nqi ib puag ncig.Kev tsim khoom muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg. "mechanical engineers, kev tsim khoom ib txwm yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm peb txoj haujlwm.Tshwj xeeb, ntawm MIT, yeej ib txwm muaj kev cog lus los ua kev tsim khoom ruaj khov, "said Evelyn Wang, Ford tus xibfwb ntawm engineering thiab yav dhau los tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam tsev kho tshuab engineering.peb ntiaj chaw zoo nkauj heev."Nrog cov kev cai lij choj xws li CHIPS thiab Txoj Cai Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Lag Luam, yuav muaj kev thov ntau ntxiv rau kev pib thiab cov tuam txhab uas tsim cov kev daws teeb meem uas txo cov kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig, coj peb los ze zog rau yav tom ntej.
MIT Alumni Tsim Lub Platform los Pab Txhawb Kev Tshaj Tawm Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Thoob Ntiaj Teb
MIT Cov kws tshaj lij tuaj koom ua ke kom tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev nce qib hauv Neurotechnology